Monday, July 25, 2022

Kerry packer and the questions that remain



Kerry Packer 

Personal life

Kerry Packer was born Kerry Francis Bullmore Packer on 17 December 1937 in Sydney. His father was Sir Frank Packer, an Australian media proprietor who controlled Australian Consolidated Press and the Nine Network. His mother, Gretel Bullmore, was the daughter of Herbert Bullmore, the Scottish rugby union player. He had an older brother, Clyde Packer.

He took part in various sports at school, including boxing, cricket, and rugby; though he struggled academically, possibly due to undiagnosed dyslexia.

Packer's primary schooling suffered greatly when he was struck with a severe bout of poliomyelitis at age eight, and he was confined to an iron lung for nine months. His father apparently thought little of his son's abilities, once cruelly describing him as "the family idiot", although Kerry subsequently steered PBL to heights far beyond anything his father or brother achieved.

The nickname his father gave Kerry made him strive to new heights in schooling, trying to achieve "A" grades. His end of year report said he was one of the most notable students. In an interview, former employee Trevor Sykes stated that "He didn't read much on the printed page. If you didn't want Kerry to read something, you wrote more than a one-page memo."

The funny thing about packers father is that his father had quite a few funny moments himself.

Frank packer once fired an employee for wearing a red cardigan and saying that he had changed and become a communist and because of that reason he was fired. Simply for wearing something red.

He then reached new heights when he came into work one day and saw a male employee engaged in conversation with his female receptionist he asked him how much he got paid per week ad the guy replied $30. frank then pulled out a wad of cash shoved it in his hands goes “there’s 4 weeks pay your fired!”. Then before the guy could get the hell out of dodge he goes “which department are you from?”. The guy goes “I don’t work here I’m the delivery boy”.

Packer's grandfather Herbert Bullmore represented the Scotland national rugby union team in an international match against Ireland in Dublin in 1902 and worked as a doctor in Sydney for many years.

Kerry Packer and his wife of 42 years, Roslyn Packer AC (nee Weedon), had two children: a daughter, Gretel, and a son, James.

Packer conducted extra-marital affairs with a number of women including the model Carol Lopes, who reportedly committed suicide after being shunned by Packer; publisher and former ConPress employee Ita Buttrose and Julie Trethowan, his long-time mistress and manager (from 1983) of the Packer-owned Sydney city health and fitness club, the Hyde Park Club.

After his death, the Sydney Morning Herald reported that from about 1995, Packer transferred control of multimillion-dollar Sydney real estate holdings to Trethowan.

Packer, through his family company Consolidated Press Holdings, was the major shareholder with a 37% holding in Publishing and Broadcasting Limited (PBL).

Until Packer's death PBL owned the Nine television network, and Australian Consolidated Press which produces many of Australia's top-selling magazines.

He was involved in a number of other gambling and tourism ventures, notably Crown Casino in Melbourne. The Nine Network and Australian Consolidated Press businesses have since been divested to PBL Media.

Packer was widely respected in business circles, courted by politicians on both sides, and was widely regarded as one of the most astute businessmen of his time, despite having been a poor student.

Although Packer's reputation as an astute businessman was legendary and he made some good investments, he was by no means a self-made man—his grandfather, Robert Clyde Packer, and his father, Sir Frank Packer, had built up the media empire and its related holdings over many decades.

The interesting thing though As pointed out by internet news outlet Crikey, if $100 million had been invested in the Australian sharemarket in September 1974 through a balanced portfolio of the top 200 companies, that portfolio would be worth a lot more than $6.9 billion in December 2005, possibly as much as $11 billion.

Packer controlled Nine Network and Nine's Wide World of Sports in the 1980s, and "famously sold the network to Alan Bond and then bought it back three years later for less than a quarter of the price."

the Sydney Morning Herald was quoted as saying that "Packer's decision to sell Nine to Bond in 1987 for $1.2 billion - before buying back the network in 1990 for $250 million - is legendary in Australian television."

Moreover, Packer was not the first choice to take over the running of the family's business empire—his father had intended that Kerry's elder brother, Clyde Packer, would take over the company, but Clyde fell out with his father in the early 1970s and left Australia permanently.

The fallout was the result of the fact that In 1970 Clyde Packer became joint managing director of Nine Network with his father, Frank. Clyde later recalled: “ it was a very equitable arrangement ... I had the responsibility and he had the authority".

Late in the next year Clyde Packer launched A Current Affair on the Nine network, with Mike Willesee hosting. In 1972, Willesee organised for A Current Affair to have an on-air interview with then-union leader, Bob Hawke, during an industrial dispute.When Frank heard of the arrangement he vetoed the decision to allow Hawke on his network the reason for which remains unknown, undermining Clyde's authority.

Willesee later declared: "You can't run a current affairs program, as you couldn't run a serious newspaper, and have people tell you you can't have the leader of the Trade Union movement”. Packer resigned his posts at the Nine Network and ACP, and later reflected on the split: "I suspect my father was as glad to get rid of me as I was to get rid of him".

Their public falling-out followed years of tight control by Frank.

According to Paul Barry, "Clyde Packer ... was also frequently dressed down and abused in public by his father, Sir Frank. Into his late thirties, Clyde was still treated like a stupid, disobedient little boy, until he could take no more and rebelled against such tyranny, splitting clearly and completely with his father".

On his father's death in May 1974, the family estate, valued at A$100 million passed directly to Kerry. In 1976, Clyde sold his quarter-share of the family business for A$4 million to Kerry, who went on to become Australia's richest man.

Further, his principal Australian investments in television and casinos were highly protected from competition by government regulation which Packer and his employees worked very hard to have maintained.

The Packer family's business reputation suffered a blow following the 2001 collapse of One.Tel, a telephone company in which his son, James, had invested.

Kerry Packer was also one of Australia's largest landholders. In 2003, a deposit of rubies was discovered on one of his properties.

The Packer media empire included magazines, television networks, telecommunications, petrochemicals, heavy engineering, a 75% stake in the Perisher Blue ski resort, diamond exploration, coal mines and property, a share in the Foxtel cable TV network, and investments in the lucrative casino business in Australia and overseas.

Gambling

Packer was a longtime heavy smoker and an avid gambler, fabled for his large wins and losses. Some of his gambling stories became the stuff of legend.

In 1999, a three-day losing streak at London casinos cost him almost A$28 million – the biggest reported gambling loss in British history.

Once he won A$33 million at the MGM Grand Casino in Las Vegas and that he often won as much as A$7 million each year during his annual holidays in the UK.

Packer's visits were a risky affair for the casinos, as his wins and losses could make quite a difference to the finances of even bigger casinos.

Packer was also known for his sometimes volcanic temper, and for his perennial contempt for journalists who sought to question his activities.

Packer is quoted for an exchange in a poker tournament at the Stratosphere Casino, where a Texan oil investor was attempting to engage him in a game of poker. Upon the Texan saying "I'm worth $60,000,000!" Packer apparently pulled out a coin and asked nonchalantly, "heads or tails?", referring to an A$120 million wager (according to Bob Stupak's biography).

Some variations of the story put the sum at A$60 million to A$100 million and say the line was "I'll toss you for it”. To someone like Kerry $60 million was a drop in the bucket. At this point in time he could lose that much money in a week and still have enough cash to run his business interests.

In the late 1990s he walked into a major London casino and played £15 million on four roulette tables on his own and lost it all. This has been confirmed by casino owners in South East England.

The Ritz Hotel in London even had its own room for Kerry Packer. There he was able to play blackjack with a minimum bet of £10,000 per hand. He once lost more than £19 million in this room.

There are even stories about him playing $200,000 a hand of baccarat and paying off dealers mortgages.

Packer was an interesting businessman insofar as he was always involved in some type of controversy whether it be taxes or investigations organised crime which he somehow got swept up in at least one royal commission into the subject. Packers name was always linked or tacked on to something and a majority of the time he got away from the spotlight but there are some mysteries surrounding Kerry Packer that to this day have never been explained.

Packer faced a 1991 Australian government inquiry into the print media industry with some reluctance, but great humour. When asked to state his full name and the capacity in which he appeared, he replied: "Kerry Francis Bullmore Packer. I have appeared here reluctantly."

Packer fronted the inquiry over allegations that he had some secret control over the content of the Fairfax papers (an organisation that Packer had wished to purchase for some time, but was restricted from by cross-ownership laws). During the inquiry, he repeatedly berated the politicians conducting it, and the government.

When asked about his company's tax-minimisation schemes, he replied: "Of course I am minimising my tax. And if anybody in this country doesn't minimise their tax, they want their heads read, because as a government, I can tell you you're not spending it that well that we should be donating extra!”.

Packer was a fiery debater who never backed down from a challenge and was ruthless with those who challenged him. in a 1991 ACA debate about his Fairfax dealings packer was attacked from all sides but he held is own and was not one who withered away from accusations or from a fight.

Packer was often the centre of even bigger controversy. One of the earliest incidents occurred on 7 June 1960, when his father was trying to take over the Anglican Press, a small publisher run by Francis James. According to author Richard Neville, Frank Packer was angered by James' refusal to sell the Anglican Press, so he sent Kerry and some burly friends to pressure him into selling. They forced their way in and reportedly began vandalising the premises, but James was able to barricade himself in his office and call Rupert Murdoch, Packer's most powerful rival. 

Murdoch quickly dispatched his own team of 'heavies', who threw Kerry and friends out. Not surprisingly, the Murdoch press had a field day with the news that the son of Australia's biggest media tycoon had been caught brawling in the street.

Like Murdoch, Packer's critics saw his ever-expanding cross-media holdings as a potential threat to media diversity and freedom of speech.

He also repeatedly came under fire for his companies' alleged involvement in tax evasion schemes and for the extremely low amounts of company tax that his corporations are reported to have paid over the years. He fought repeated battles with the Australian Taxation Office over his corporate taxes.

The Costigan Royal Commission

His most severe legal challenge came in 1984 with the Costigan Commission alleging (using the codename of "the squirrel", renamed "the Goanna" in media reports) that he was involved in tax evasion and organised crime, including drug trafficking. He successfully counter-attacked the commission with the assistance of his counsel Malcolm Turnbull. In 1987, the charges were formally dismissed by Attorney-General Lionel Bowen.

The Costigan Commission (officially titled the Royal Commission on the Activities of the Federated Ship Painters and Dockers Union) was an Australian royal commission held in the 1980s.

Headed by Frank Costigan QC, the Commission was established by the Australian government on 10 September 1980 to investigate criminal activities, including violence, associated with the Painters and Dockers Union after a series of investigative newspaper articles that detailed a high level of criminality. The union was represented by prominent Melbourne criminal lawyer Frank Galbally. The Commission was seen by many as politically motivated, in keeping with a long-running anti-union agenda pursued by the governing party of the day.

However the Painters and Dockers Union was notorious for its criminality and the Costigan Commission investigated numerous crimes, including a string of murders, vicious assaults, thuggery, tax-fraud networks, drug-trafficking syndicates, intimidation and more. Frank Costigan QC found the union since 1971 had "a positive policy of recruiting hardened criminals", who were essentially outsourced "to any dishonest person requiring criminals to carry out his project".

The Commission noted 15 murders in which Painters and Dockers members were either involved, or in which the murder was related to union activities.

In 1984, the Fairfax newspaper The National Times published leaked extracts of the Commission's draft report which implicated a prominent Australian businessman codenamed the "Goanna" in tax evasion and organised crime, including drug trafficking, pornography, and murder. Australia's richest man, media magnate Kerry Packer revealed himself to be the subject of these allegations, which he strenuously denied.

A theory that the late Australian billionaire Kerry Packer made money out of drug-trafficking was secretly investigated by the FBI and led to a grand jury being convened in the US.

But not even the powerful American law-enforcement agency could find any evidence to justify the Costigan royal commission's controversial pursuit of Australia's richest man, which sparked the "Goanna" story and left Packer depressed and, according to some, at risk of suicide.

What really kicked things off for the commission was The discovery of concealed drugs in a shipment addressed to Packer during the World Series Cricket era that sparked rumour and innuendo about packer. Packer emphatically denied being a criminal, suggesting the shipment may have been orchestrated by enemies he made over WSC.

The now-defunct National Times newspaper changed "Squirrel" to "Goanna" when it published the summaries, which accused the suspect of serious crimes ranging from pornography to drug-trafficking, and maybe even murder. "The Goanna's lifestyle is flamboyant and very expensive," the National Times reported.

"While he has considerable assets, it may be doubted whether they are sufficient to provide the cash resources to support his gambling habit and lavish living.

"The style of living suggests resources beyond those which are overt and legitimate. They may be met by provision of money from schemes adumbrated in other relevant activities noted with this, but even those would seem unlikely to generate the returns necessary."

Newly declassified documents from the Federal Bureau of Investigation revealed the extent of the royal commission's investigations and how Packer's California-based brother, Clyde, was also caught up in the drama.

They detailed how Clyde Packer, the former Nine head turned NSW politician then expat businessman, had come to the attention of the US Drug Enforcement Agency in 1977 when his phone number was loosely linked to a "major heroin distribution conspiracy" operating between Los Angeles and Detroit. How his number was linked or got caught up in a drug distribution ring remains unclear.

Clyde Packer, who had film and publishing interests in the US, died in California in 2001 and, like his brother, was never charged or convicted of any serious crime. It is unclear whether he even knew about the FBI's interest in him, which extended to claims one of his surfing magazines might have been a front for drug-trafficking.

The shipment, meanwhile, had been investigated by NSW police, who accepted it would have been highly irregular for Kerry Packer to arrange to have drugs sent to himself. The two cases, containing brass figures and some cricket books, with hashish oil hidden in the walls, were addressed to Packer as the chairman of WSC and originated in Nepal.

However, the royal commission - set up to probe corruption and organised crime in the Federated Painters and Dockers Union - took another look at the shipment and decided to pursue Packer, secretly engaging the FBI and US Drug Enforcement Agency.

The documents showed the FBI went so far as to hold a grand jury in the US to gather testimony from at least one person, whose identity and testimony remains protected.

The reason packer became such a magnet for the commission was the drug shipment; Packer's love of gambling and frequent transfers of large amounts of money; his association with a diverse range of people; the FBI's passing interest in his brother; and, finally, his investments in Noosa - where an illegal casino and major drug-trafficker operated all this combined to cause an air of suspicion at the royal commission.

Kerry became a big bullseye target for the Costigan royal commission in October 1983 over $225,000 he had secured from surfers paradise property developer tycoon Brian “rick” Ray some 3 years prior. Ray flew to Sydney and gave packer $50,000 in cash his business partner Ian beames dropped off payments one equally $100,000 the other $75,000.

Packers answer to this was that he’d had a bad day at the track and Brian who was going through bankruptcy proceedings with his creditors at the time offered to lend him the money. He was then quizzed about why he wanted the money in cash. Packer than made the famous quote: "I wanted it in cash because I like cash - I have a squirrel-like mentality," Packer said of the loan from his occasional business partner. “It's not the most amount of cash I have ever had in my life”.

Interestingly enough ray and his business partner Ian beames were later charged along with others of conspiring to defraud the commonwealth of $16 million in a so called “bottom of the harbour” tax schemes. It became known as the biggest tax evasion scheme in Australian history. Beames pleaded guilty and ray was acquitted in march 1987 however sadly died in a plane crash in 2005.

The FBI documents show the royal commission was also interested in a much larger transaction - involving more than $800,000 - seemingly sent from Hong Kong to the Central National Bank in Cleveland, Ohio.

The commission believed the money was originally carried to Hong Kong "by PACKER or an associate and that the foregoing transactions constituted a money-laundering operation".

It is unknown whether Packer was given an opportunity to respond to those allegations in the royal commission.

The National Times article prompted Packer to issue an 8000-word public denial - written by his lawyer, current opposition frontbencher Malcolm Turnbull - in which he outed himself as the Goanna and declared that the "grotesque, ludicrous and malicious" allegations had caused him "immense suffering".

Packer said the allegations had been fuelled by his rivals at Fairfax and "each and every one of the allegations made against me in the National Times article are false and demonstrably so".

"It is so extraordinary that this disgusting publication should place me in a position where I effectively have to prove my innocence," he said. "However, so ludicrous and misconceived are the allegations that my innocence is easily established."

Packer went on to say that Costigan had told him in a private hearing of the royal commission that he was not suspected over the drug shipment, but that members of the Painters and Dockers working as cleaners in his building may have been responsible.

As to the allegations of unexplained wealth needed to fund his lifestyle, Packer said: "As anyone knows me would attest, both my lifestyle and my gambling are well within my means."

The ease with which Packer quashed the claims inevitably tarnished the work of the royal commission, not to mention Fairfax, which found itself facing a hefty damages claim. The company later resurrected the National Times for a website, boldly including a column titled Goanna.

The publicly available volumes of the commission's 1984 report did not include the same level of detail as in the case summaries, but Costigan took the opportunity to criticise Packer and various leaks.

"There were a number of people subject to (the royal commission's) investigations who I feared, if they knew the extent, would seek to frustrate them," he reported.

"Mr Packer is one such person. In the course of my investigations, I am satisfied he caused documents to be removed from the jurisdiction so as to deny them to me."

The three confidential volumes of the report, which remain sealed, were transferred to the new National Crime Authority, the Australian Federal Police, and the NSW and Queensland police, to investigate various matters, including some involving Packer.

A coronial inquest into the supposed murder of Queensland bank manager Ian Percival Coote, an associate of Ray, supported the original police finding of suicide.

Charges were laid against various other people investigated by the royal commission, although some matters meant to be handled by Queensland police came to the attention of the state's Fitzgerald inquiry, which uncovered widespread corruption.

The only other matter to emerge from investigations into Packer related to allegations of tax evasion. A brief of evidence went to the then Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions, Ian Temby QC, who sought the advice of two independent barristers before dropping the case.

The attorney-general sought to comprehensively respond to the allegations in an effort to end the Goanna drama once and for all.

"First, an incalculable damage has been done to Mr Packer," said Bowen, who died earlier this year.

"Second, there is no basis to justify any charges being brought against him. Third, he is entitled to be regarded by his fellow citizens as unsullied by the allegations and insinuations which have been made against him."

Packer, in turn, reiterated his long-standing position on the "trumped-up charges" and said "a very unhappy chapter in my life and my family's life is now closed".

Yet the newly released documents show that, almost a decade after the royal commission wrapped up, the FBI relayed its conspiracy theory about Packer to the NSW Casino Control Authority as it conducted probity checks on the consortia bidding for what is now Sydney's Star casino.

"Inquiries conducted by the royal commission, at that time, had determined definite involvement by Kerry and the others in financial transactions which were fraudulently represented to the Australian government, were the basis for tax evasion in Australia and had the appearance to the royal commission investigators as being laundered money resulting from drug transactions," the FBI reported back to Australia in March 1994.

"Kerry Packer, a prominent business figure, was chairman of directors of Consolidated Press Pty. (CPP), a media conglomerate which includes the Nine Network, considered the most successful commercial TV network in Australia. CPP also owns the Noosa International hotel in the state of Queensland. The hotel is considered by the royal commission to be a major cocaine distribution point for the country."

The FBI's disclosure to the Casino Control Authority - not supported by any evidence - came despite the royal commission having asked for the matter to be dealt with discreetly as "Kerry Packer is a very well-known business figure in Australia”.

Packer's consortium failed to win the casino licence - that went to the Sydney Harbour Casino consortium of Leightons and Showboat - but he later went on to establish the successful Crown gaming empire.

The FBI documents shed new light on a drama that involved and engaged the nation's business, law-enforcement, media and political elite.

The documents at the time could only be declassified and provided to The Weekend Australian, following a Freedom of Information application submitted a year before, because Kerry and Clyde Packer had died.

The Weekend Australian also put forward the names of a dozen other prominent deceased Australians but the FBI either never had, or no longer kept, information pertaining to them on file.

Phillip Adams, a columnist with The Weekend Australian Magazine and also an ABC Radio presenter, said he was friends with Packer through the Goanna scandal and, like others, feared Packer might contemplate suicide.

Adams said he privately put the allegations to Packer, who tearfully rejected them, devastated by the impact on the family name and "desolated by the fact he had been deserted by his political mates at the time".

Adams had been trying to convince Packer to establish Australia's largest charitable foundation, which he seemed inclined to do, but the royal commission put paid to that.

"He became so anti-social because of the way society had treated him," Adams said.

"That was another consequence of Costigan, that we never got the Packer foundation."

The counsel assisting the royal commission, Doug Meagher QC, told The Weekend Australian he regretted that the royal commission had been required to produce case summaries that could be leaked or misused by others.

"Notwithstanding, I had codified everything, saying that I had let the incoming people know who the codes referred to - once you described the offences you were investigating, it was pretty obvious," he said.

Now While I do think that packer was involved in some behind the scenes shenanigans such as figuring out easy how to pay as little tax as possible I don’t see packer a someone who would be involved so publicly in organised crime. For someone like him who is so high profile the risk would be to great if it was found he had any connections to crime in any way the fallout would be the total collapse of his empire because the police, finance companies and auditors would run through everything to try and bring him down to find something they could use. They would also use the proceeds of crime act to seize anything that they thought were bought using money, that was made committing crimes. such as drug dealing. Having a stoplight placed on you is never a good thing especially if you have things to hide which I’m sure packer did.

The Stolen Gold.

Notwithstanding the significant efforts made to preserve his security and privacy, Packer suffered two mysterious break-ins at his companies' headquarters in Park Street, Sydney:

In 1995, 25 gold bars, weighing a total of 285 kilograms (628 lb), and a Vegemite jar full of gold nuggets were stolen from Packer's personal safe Adam Shand did a podcast series titled packers gold which I will link in the show notes of this episode.

When clerical staff arrived at the third-floor executive suite at the heart of billionaire Mr Packer's business empire on the morning of May 1, 1995, they discovered the two doors leading to his personal secretary's office opened at the push of a hand.

Indentations showed the doors had been prised open with either a crowbar or a screwdriver - and carefully closed again afterwards.

Inside Mr Packer's private office was a scorch mark in the carpet about 10cm from the large drinks cabinet which held the thieves' target - his old 1940’s Chubb safe that was hidden behind a drinks cabinet.

It had belonged to his late father Sir Frank and had held $5.4 million in gold bullion weighing 285kg, a jar containing "scrap gold" such as nuggets and gold wire, and a gold and silver necklace. The gold today is worth around $12.5 million

Police knew the thief had to have inside information because the safe was a secret.

"We interviewed all the accountants and no one knew about this gold except for his current personal secretary," a former detective said.
The safe was locked on the inside by a steel bar about one inch wide. If the bar was cut, the safe would open. The thief had cut only one hole, right in the middle and exactly where the bar could be opened.

None of the security alarms had gone off overnight but the safe had been emptied.

On closer examination policy discovered a lone fingerprint found inside.

this gave police what they thought was their first major breakthrough as they hunted what they believed was a gang behind the break-in at the Australian Consolidated Press building in Sydney's Park St.

The fingerprint was traced on the police database to a relatively minor crook from South Australia.

After putting the South Australia man under surveillance, they pulled him in and discovered he had worked as a safe mechanic on Packer's safe some years before. The other thing in his favour was his mother being religious and as part of her faith kept a detailed diary of every day events so because of this she recorded his whereabouts and thus the safe mechanic had an iron clad alibi He was then ruled out.

The master criminal known as 'Mr X' was the next suspect police took a look at. Mr X was so good that, though police knew it had to be him, he never gave them an inch despite hundreds of hours of surveillance. He was never even arrested.

The security system at Park St was old and outdated and police believed it would have been easy for an experienced hand like their suspect to shut it down. But the big question was how did he get past the private security guards on duty?

Some time later a security guard who had by then left the company went to police and claimed that it was common for the guards to spend much of their shifts in the gym and pool or playing squash at the Hyde Park Club, which was part of the Packer complex and part of the area they were charged with keeping secure.

"Everything led to a dead end and it wasn't until we found out from the ex-security guard who came in and told us what went on there that we realised (the suspect) wouldn't have needed to have a security guard on the inside if he knew that they would not be there at the time," a former detective sergeant said.

Police pulled mr X over at one point to rattle his cage as they had no way to prove had had stolen the gold except for the good old police gut feeling which in my experience is rarely ever wrong. Sergeant Jungblut stopped the suspect by the side of the road and tried to get him to give something away.

Quote: 'I had a conversation with him. He was very guarded. Didn't say anything. I just happened to say to him, "well, Mr X, have a happy Christmas. We might be talking to you later”,' 'And he looked at me and said "that's up to you whether I have a happy Christmas or not". And sort of looked at me, and straight away I knew he was letting me know that I knew that it was him.'That's as close as I got, because he just suddenly went quiet.

The phone conversations stopped. Everything stopped. 'I suppose he got even more paranoid. And he just ceased all activity.'

Mr X, police believe, strolled into Mr Packer's Australian Consolidated Press building at 54 Park Street and jimmied open two doors with a crowbar or screwdriver.

With exemplary skill he burned straight through the 1940s Chubb safe in what experts suspect was no more than 10 minutes.

The only sign that the safe had been robbed was a small burn mark from when a charred piece of metal burned away and hit the blood-red carpet.

Mr X was originally thought to have used a thermal lance, but expert Mark Irvine, who examined the safe in 1995, believes it had to be a small torch powered by burning oxyacetylene gas.

He then had to empty 283kg of gold bars out of the safe and make off with them single-handedly.

Police believe he did this by wheeling them on a hand cart to a nearby service lift that led to a loading dock where only Mr Packer parked and was empty on weekends.

He then loaded them in to the back of his trusty white ute and simply drove away.

Detectives initially thought it must have been an inside job as there was too much he would have needed to know without an inside man.

Police had evidence that their suspect regularly visited Ms Wheatley, who had been the media mogul's private secretary for 18 years and was known affectionately as "the perfumed bulldozer''.

They believe he was sleeping with Mr Packer's longtime former secretary Pat Wheatley, who lived near his $1million flat in Woollahra, in Sydney's east.

Ms Wheatley either let slip the details of the gold safe in pillow talk, or deliberately told him to get revenge for being sacked after 18 years when her drinking problem was discovered.

The former political staffer was so good at keeping her boss' secrets she gave nothing away when questioned by police.

She always talked to them alongside her lawyer Malcolm Turnbull, who would two decades later become Australia's 29th prime minister.

Mr X's skill was the reason police gravitated towards him in the first place - he was 'one of the top three in the country' and one of few who could pull off the heist.

Mr X had not been arrested since the 1970s, when he was unknowingly in the background of an incriminating photo.

He had two other convictions from the previous decade, when he would have been in his 20s.

In 1964 he stole 14,000lbs of cultured pearls from the Japanese Trading Centre in Pitt Street, Sydney, and did two years jail for stealing $41,000 from an ES and A Bank in 1967.

Mr X sold his flat in 2013 while aged in his 70s and has since disappeared from public and police view. It is unknown if he is dead or alive.

There was never any suggestion she had anything to do with the theft but police believed that the crook had ingratiated himself with her.

He was known as a real loner - except for women - and had been having an affair with the female owner of a prominent Sydney restaurant around the same time.

Police put him under watch but he was a master at counter-surveillance.

He worked out on a bench press at home - perhaps one of the ways he was able to move the 285kg of gold by himself on to the trolley which he is believed to have used to roll it into a van at the loading dock and simply drive away.

His usual vehicle was a Ford Falcon ute.

The robbery is still officially unsolved, but Mr Packer got back $5 million from his insurance company.

The other alluring fact and mystery about this case was the fact that Kerry Packer may well have known Mr x the master criminal who it has been alleged robbed him of his gold.

they even dined at the same restaurants, at the same time, at different tables. But the two men never acknowledged each other.

A detective who worked on the case admitted and I quote: "Mr Packer was well aware of our inquiries and our major suspect.''

The case gets more intriguing the deeper you dig

Legendary restaurateur Giovanna Toppi knew both of the men who frequented her restaurants La Strada at Potts Point and Machiavelli in the city.

She knew Mr Packer as one of her best customers - and the stocky career safecracker as a good friend of her late husband Walter.

But Ms Toppi, 78, said she had no idea how her husband's friend made a living.

For at least some of the time that the two men circled each other, police believe the master crook was having a secret affair with Mr Packer's former secretary, Pat Wheatley.

When Ms Wheatley died in 2008, aged 64, she left property worth around $2.5 million, including an art deco Bellevue Hill apartment with harbour views and her Bowral home which had three bedrooms, three ensuites and a tennis court.

She had sold her other eastern suburbs unit before moving to Bowral.

The criminal suspect, now 74, lived nearby and police conducting surveillance saw them visiting each other around the time of the theft.

However, he was well known to police not only as the country's top safebreaker but also as a ladies' man.

Although he was short in stature, he told detectives during his one and only arrest in the 1970s for breaking into the Chubb safe factory in Waterloo that he had a distinctive tattoo on his penis - the initials B and E, or possibly the entire phrase "Breaking and Entering".

Detectives revealed the identity of their suspect to Mr Packer during an expletive-filled meeting in the months after the theft. They were summonsed to Mr Packer's office after he heard that one section of the media was planning to write a totally ridiculous account of the gold theft with a scenario police had totally discounted. The story had come from a prisoner serving a sentence for drug dealing.

It was then that detectives told him the identity of their major suspect.

Someone who used to dine with Mr Packer at La Strada has confirmed that the media tycoon knew that the fellow diner was a top safecracker, but said Mr Packer had never confided that the man was behind the theft of his gold.

Detectives had information that the bullion was taken to Melbourne where it was melted down and that the doctor-turned-crime figure, the late Nick Paltos, was involved through contacts he had in Melbourne.

Dr Paltos, who did time in jail for smuggling $45 million worth of cannabis into Australia and for perverting the course of justice, had spent 12 years as superintendent of the casualty department at Sydney Hospital.

When he took up private practice in Woolloomooloo, Kerry Packer was one of his patients.

Mr Packer died in 2005. La Strada has since closed its doors in Macleay St, Potts Point.

For some time while he was still under surveillance, police followed the safecracker to Machiavelli most days.

He now appears to have slipped back under the radar, which is how he has lived most of his life.

No-one has been charged over the theft and the gold has never been found.

I am convinced based on all the evidence I have seen and read that this was not only an inside job but that packer somehow was mixed up in it if for no other reason the safe that he was using had only been guaranteed up to $20,000 meaning that the contents in the safe was only insured for that amount packer had $5 million of gold in that safe and he somehow was able to convince the insurance company to pay him out the full $5 million which shouldn’t have happened as the safe wasn’t insured for that much. How packer was able to do this remains a perplexing mystery and unanswered question.

The Stolen Glock

In 2003, a licensed Glock 9-millimetre (0.35 in) semi-automatic pistol was stolen from a desk drawer on the executive level.

What was interesting about this Glock pistol going missing from packers office was that  This office of Publishing and Broadcasting Ltd office in Park Street was the same office in which 5 million in gold was taken from his office safe. Security in this building was at best lax and at worst totally non-existent and laughable.

A very odd aspect about this case was that a male cleaner who had entered the building about 9pm was confronted by a man and a woman, who were both carrying firearms. The cleaner was tied up and the premises were ransacked. It remains unclear if police ever followed up this line of enquiry and to my knowledge these people were never found or identified. To this day their whereabouts remains unknown. Police would also not comment on reports that the security cameras and sensor lights had been disabled or whether there were any suspects.The pistol in question was the same type police were issued with at the time. To this day my understanding is that It has never been located.

The other interesting fact is that NSW is one of the most strict States in Australia when it comes to gun laws for example: you can’t even own a replica firearm. Under NSW law, licences for Glocks are granted only to people who can demonstrate a specific need, such as those working in security. Sporting shooters can also obtain one once they are a member of a gun club. Why Kerry had the gun in his desk drawer the way it was and if he was the only one to use it in the first place remains and interesting question one that again as never really been answered.

Police confirmed that Mr Packer had handed in his B-class handgun owner's licence packer decided against renewing the licence because the licensing detectives were waiting for advice from the police legal services branch on whether he should be prosecuted for failing to properly secure the weapon By law, the gun should have been in a safe. This was during the time that John Howard a well known gun control advocate was the prime minister whose well known for the controversial and draconian national firearms agreement signed into law at his behest and suggestion after the port Arthur massacre in 1996 committed allegedly by Martin Bryant.

In another interesting twist of fate packer was not charged with failing to keep the gun in a gun safe or storage. Whereas others would have been packer was able to slip out of the clutches of the law yet again.

There was also the story of how someone whose identity remains unknown to this day made a phone call stating that mr packer wanted a Lamborghini for the day and so the company drove one over a guy jumped into the car said thanks took off and neither him or the car was ever seen again. To this day that incident also remains unsolved.

Packer and Cricket

Packer also broke the sports boycott of apartheid South Africa which prevented South African sportsmen from representing their country when he recruited a number of South African cricketers to play on his World Series Cricket Team. His timing was criticised, coming just months after the Soweto riots and the death of Steve Biko, murdered by the members of the South African security forces.

Packer also got into a lot of hot water over his handling of the world series of cricket debacle that it eventually turned into.

Packer was famously quoted from a 1976 meeting with the Australian Cricket Board, with whom he met to negotiate the rights to televise cricket. According to witnesses, he said: "There is a little bit of the whore in all of us, gentlemen. What is your price?"

Determined to get some cricket on Channel Nine, Packer put an offer to the Test and County Cricket Board (TCCB) to telecast the Australian tour of England scheduled for 1977. His interest was further stimulated by a proposal to play some televised exhibition matches, an idea presented to him by Western Australian businessmen John Cornell and Austin Robertson.

Robertson managed several high-profile Australian cricketers such as Dennis Lillee, while Cornell was Paul Hogan's business manager and on-screen sidekick.

Packer took this idea, then fleshed it out into a full series between the best Australian players and a team from the rest of the world. His mistrust of cricket's administrators deepened when the ACB recommended the TCCB accept an offer for their broadcasts rights from the ABC, even though ABC's $210,000 offer was only 14% of the offer from Packer.

Secret signings

Packer's planning of the proposed "exhibition" series was audacious. In early 1977, he began contracting a list of Australian players provided by recently retired Australian Test captain Ian Chappell. A bigger coup was achieved when Packer convinced the England captain Tony Greig to not only sign on, but to act as an agent in signing many players around the world. By the time the season climaxed with the Centenary Test match between Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in March 1977, about two dozen players had committed to Packer's enterprise, which as yet had no grounds to play on, no administration and was secret to all in the cricket world.

It was a measure of the players' dissatisfaction with official cricket that they were prepared to sign up for what was still a vague concept and yet keep everything covert.

By the time the Australian team arrived to tour England in May 1977, thirteen of the seventeen members of the squad had committed to Packer. News of the WSC plans were inadvertently leaked to Australian journalists, who broke the story on 9 May. Immediately, all hell broke loose in the hitherto conservative world of cricket.

Not unexpectedly, the English were critical of what they quickly dubbed the "Packer Circus" and reserved particular vitriol for the English captain Tony Greig, for his central role in organising the break-away. Greig retained his position in the team, but was stripped of the captaincy and ostracised by everyone in the cricket establishment, most of whom had been singing his praises just weeks before.

It seemed certain that all Packer players would be banned from Test and first-class cricket. The Australian players were a divided group and the management made their displeasure clear to the Packer signees. Dispirited by this turn of events and hampered by poor form and indifferent weather, Australia crashed to a 3–0 defeat, surrendering the Ashes won two years before. In light of the controversies the Sydney Gazette article clearly showed West Indian captain Clive Lloyd interviewed after leaving the Caribbean team to join Packer, Lloyd stated it was nothing personal it was clearly earning a more comfortable source of income. That interview created waves across the Caribbean and even in world cricket. It was then realised that the sport had been transformed into one's livelihood.

Court case

A largely unknown Kerry Packer arrived in London in late May 1977. He appeared on David Frost's The Frost Programme to debate his concept with commentators Jim Laker and Robin Marlar. Marlar's aggressive, indignant interrogation of Packer came unstuck when Packer proved to be articulate, witty, and confident that his vision was the way of the future. The show significantly raised Packer's profile and converted some to his way of thinking.

The main goal of his trip was to meet the game's authorities and reach some type of compromise. He made a canny move by securing Richie Benaud as a consultant. Benaud's standing in the game and his journalistic background helped steer Packer through the politics of the game.

Things went to hell very quickly after this when packer made a very incendiary speech after meeting with the ICC (International cricket conference).

Cricket's world governing body, the International Cricket Conference (ICC), now entered a controversy initially perceived as an Australian domestic problem. They met with Packer, Benaud and two assistants at Lord's on 23 June to discuss the WSC plans.

After ninety minutes of compromise from both sides had almost created common ground, Packer demanded that the ICC award him the exclusive Australian television rights after the 1978–79 season ended.

It wasn't in the power of the ICC to do so and Packer stormed from the meeting to deliver the following unadulterated declaration of war: “Had I got those TV rights I was prepared to withdraw from the scene and leave the running of cricket to the board. I will take no steps now to help anyone. It's every man for himself and the devil take the hindmost.”

Packer made a big mistake going down this road and it nearly cost him dearly.

This outburst undid any goodwill that Packer had created during his earlier television appearance, and alarmed his contracted players, who had viewed his scheme as being as much philanthropic as commercial. The ICC decided to treat Packer's scheme with contempt when a month later they decided Packer's matches would not be given first-class status and the players involved would be banned from Test match and first-class cricket.

A number of the signed players now considered withdrawing. Jeff Thomson and Alvin Kallicharan had their contracts torn up when it was discovered that they had binding agreements with a radio station requiring them to play for Queensland.

Packer moved quickly to shore up support, meeting with the players and taking legal action to prevent third parties from inducing players to break their contracts.

To clarify the legal implications (including the proposed bans), Packer backed a challenge to the TCCB in the High Court by three of his players: Tony Greig, Mike Procter and John Snow.

The case began on 26 September 1977 and lasted seven weeks. The cricket authority's counsel said that if the top players deserted traditional cricket then gate receipts would decline. Mr. Packer's lawyers stated that the ICC had tried to force the Packer players to break their contracts and to prevent others from joining them.

Justice Slade in his judgment said that professional cricketers need to make a living and the ICC should not stand in their way just because its own interests might be damaged. He said the ICC might have stretched the concept of loyalty too far. Players could not be criticized for entering the contracts in secrecy as the main authorities would deny the players the opportunity to enjoy the advantages offered by WSC.

The decision was a blow to the cricket authorities and, adding insult to injury, they had to pay court costs. English County cricket teams were pleased as their players who had signed to play for Packer were still eligible to play for them.

At one point Packer demonstrated his political clout by getting New South Wales premier Neville Wran to overturn the ban on WSC and allow matches to be played at the traditional home of the game, the Sydney Cricket Ground (SCG). To boot, Wran had his government foot the bill to install lights good enough for Packer to use.

In June 2009, the Sydney Morning Herald reported that former federal opposition leader, and subsequently an Australian Prime Minister, Malcolm Turnbull, a former legal adviser and business associate of Packer, revealed to journalist Annabel Crabb that Packer had threatened to have him killed when they fell out over their 1991 attempt to take over the Fairfax newspaper group through their Tourang consortium. Packer reportedly made the threat after Turnbull told Packer he was going to have him thrown out of the consortium by revealing Packer's intention to play an interventionist role in the newspaper group.

"He told me he'd kill me, yeah. I didn't think he was completely serious, but I didn't think he was entirely joking either. Look, he could be pretty scary. He did threaten to kill me and I said to him: 'Well, you'd better make sure that your assassin gets me first because, if he misses, you better know I won't miss you.' He could be a complete pig, you know. He could charm the birds out of the trees, but he could be a brute."

— Malcolm Turnbull, 4 June 2009, as reported in The Sydney Morning Herald

Death

Kerry Packer died of kidney failure on 26 December 2005, nine days after his 68th birthday, at home in Sydney, Australia, with his family by his bedside. Knowing that his health was failing, he instructed his doctors not to treat him with curative intent or by artificially prolonging his life with dialysis. He told his cardiologist earlier in the week that he was "running out of petrol" and wanted to "die with dignity".[50] His private funeral service was held on 30 December 2005, at the family's country retreat, Ellerston, near Scone in the Hunter Region.[28] Having obtained council permission, he was buried on the Ellerston property near the polo field.[51]

State memorial service

The Packer family accepted an offer of a state memorial service, which was held on 17 February 2006 at the Sydney Opera House. The granting of this taxpayer-funded honour was criticised by some members of the community as Packer was famous for his alleged tax minimisation.

Which I find quite ironic that a guy who paid minimal taxes and was suspected of evading having to pay his own operate taxes for his business empire had his state funeral paid for from taxpayers money and its no wonder people were in an uproar over that. Its like someone robbing a bank and then the judge acquitting you and saying here’s all the money back that you took.

At Packer's televised state memorial service in 2006, his son James told mourners his father had never forgiven Costigan for the slurs and "nor could we".

An unrepentant Costigan responded by saying he had an obligation to "investigate without fear or favour, no matter how wealthy a person may be, or how influential he is" and report his findings to government.

Costigan died in 2009.

So what happened to the major players in this case?

Mr x the man police believe is responsible for the unsolved robbery disappeared from the public eye and has kept a low profile ever since. To this day police don’t know his current location and his whereabouts remain unknown.

Kerry packer died from kidney failure in 2005

Clyde packer died in 2001 of lung failure

Pat Wheatley packer’s personal secretary died of cancer

Ron Brian died in a plane crash in 2005

Frank Costigan died in 2009

Ian beames Ron’s busisess partner’s whereabouts remain unknown

Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerry_Packer#Government_inquiry_and_legal_challenges

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clyde_Packer

https://www.smh.com.au/national/first-the-gold-now-the-gun-gets-stolen-from-packers-office-20030124-gdg5rt.html

https://www.theage.com.au/national/police-investigating-theft-of-pistol-from-packers-office-20030124-gdv494.html

https://www.smh.com.au/national/pistol-stolen-from-packer-head-office-20030125-gdg5xt.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costigan_Commission

https://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/foi/even-fbi-doubted-goanna-story-about-kerry-packer/news-story/d89d133ba409c457b7e104015c1e769f

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6756067/How-expert-safe-breaker-got-away-robbing-Kerry-Packer-5-4-million-gold.html

https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/kerry-packer-knew-who-stole-54-million-in-gold-from-his-safe/news-story/cf7ba8a95b69e586e0afc26430ec0ba9

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Series_Cricket

https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/kerry-packer-knew-who-stole-54-million-in-gold-from-his-safe/news-story/cf7ba8a95b69e586e0afc26430ec0ba9

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6756067/How-expert-safe-breaker-got-away-robbing-Kerry-Packer-5-4-million-gold.html

https://www.perthnow.com.au/news/how-a-criminal-genius-stole-kerry-packers-gold-bullion-worth-5m-ng-001e54794943c90792d6f56d2b3a2dea

Friday, July 22, 2022

The Mystery Of Steven Snedger



Steven snedger.

There are so many twists and turns in this case that volumes of books would have to be written to jot down everything that either went wrong or evidence that turned up. This case reads like a script for a Hollywood movie.

Some examples of unanswered questions that still resinate with this case even today include:

What happened to the $1 million tucked into the trunk of Steven snedgers Mercedes?

The mysterious map marked with an “X”?

a two-timing hit man hired from Soldier of Fortune magazine?

a plastic-wrapped body dumped in the Ocklawaha River?

lots and lots of cash, some in a suitcase and some in paper grocery bags.

This whole bizarre tale started with Steven snedger himself and the murder of his daughter lora Morris. Now Steve Snedegar’s background is hard to pin down. I couldn’t tell you exactly what is truth and what isnt. What I do know is His past is murky—there are rumors of drug running and work as an FBI informant.

He'd made enemies in the early 1970s when he was on the lam from the FBI, then again during his quick rise in the waste-oil business and a third time running some cloak-and-dagger venture with Cuban dictator Fidel Castro that he never discussed much.

For a two-year period, the family lived in hotels in the Southwest under fake names so Steve wouldn't have to face charges involving a tractor theft ring and the death of a deputy sheriff in Port Clinton, Ohio. Sadly there is very little information in regards to these matters. So I can’t elaborate any further on these incidents.

After Steve was finally caught in Houston, the FBI dropped its charges against him. No one could explain why. Sergeant Munden who investigated this case and who I will speak about later stated that he thought based on records he’d seen that a deal was cut between snedger and the FBI Munden also never got a straight answer from the FBI.

To me It's weird that they all of a sudden dropped the very serious charges against snedger. No law enforcement agency I know of would drop charges of being involved in the death of a police officer. Unless there was a very good reason for doing so.

In 1978, Steve landed penniless in Indiana. By the time Lora vanished three years later, he was a millionaire several times over this is according to Indiana detectives, who obtained his bank records.

The source of his fortune is unclear and Steve dropped hints about its origins. Some of his relatives however were more blunt. His father-in-law, for example told Munden at one point that Steve, who was a pilot, frequently flew drugs out of Havana.

Steve would only say that he knew Castro "real well," and that his acquaintance was “business." Which to me indicates that he was doing so kind of shady business with Fidel. You don’t go from being penniless to becoming a multimillionaire overnight without some type of easy way to make cash, and drugs would easily make you rich overnight. If you were smart and knew what you were doing in that dangerous world.

Steve's oil recycling business named the J&S Oil Service Company began booming in 1979. Two businessmen - Tony Lambert and Tony McCullough - tried unsuccessfully to buy it from Steve just before Lora vanished. All three were bitter about this outcome. The reasons for which from my understanding was twofold one was that financing at the last minute fell thorough. The second is that Steve and his wife by that time had wanted to move to Florida and were trying to sell this business and move on in their lives.

Steve also suspected them in Lora's disappearance. As retaliation for their deal falling through. Steve's wife Trudy also suspected them of having something to do with it.

Sadly lora’s home life was far from what you would call the perfect home life. Lora had married a man her parents didn't like - an unthinkable act for the daughter of parents bent on running their children's lives.

The way munden explained it was that Steve and Trudy wanted complete control. They put the money up, but the kids had to give them the authority to dominate and do what they wanted. Which is An extremely toxic and abusive mindset.

What they wanted was for Lora to leave her husband, and high school classmate Bryce Morris which she did. Then they pressured her to move with them to Florida in 1981. This time, she said no.

Munden was quoted as saying that Lora was the black sheep - she spoke her piece and talked back And she paid for it. End quote. Now From what I know about Steve and trudy they were used to getting their way and weren’t used to being told no.

To give an example of how bad the abuse was, Just before the move, a neighbor reported seeing Steve waving his arms and screaming curses at Lora in the backyard. Then he stood on her toes and spit in her face. Not exactly what I would call a loving father and daughter dynamic. It's also very telling as to what kind of man Steven snedger was.

It would be the last time Steve Snedegar would see his daughter alive.But not the last time for Trudy. She had arrived from Florida - unannounced - on Aug. 10, 1981, at the Greenfield, Ind. home where Lora lived. The police at the time thought Trudy's visit was timed to head off Lora's reconciliation with her estranged husband.

At 11pm Trudy and Lora return home and shortly thereafter Trudy retires to the master bedroom of the family residence Trudy told police she had dinner with her daughter, then went to bed. When she awoke at 6 a.m., she found the lights and television on, the sliding glass door ajar and Lora's bed unslept in. No Lora. Trudy later told detectives that the last time she saw her daughter Lora she was wearing a long white tee-shirt and lounging on the sofa

Deputies called to the scene seven hours later found no evidence of foul play. Everything pointed to a young woman out having a fling.

Lora’s car is outside, her purse and belongings are present in the home and the patio door is ajar. Alarmed, Trudy contacts the Hancock County Sheriff’s Department and Sergeant John W. Munden is dispatched to the scene. He plays a major role in this whole bizarre case.

Mud said that "Then her mother said that Lora's pocketbook was still at home. A big red flag came up in my mind," Munden mud also said. "I made the remark to Trudy, 'I believe that a woman's pocketbook is like a minister's Bible - they don't go anyplace without it.'

Munden also made this very cryptic remark about how trudy looked at him funny and claimed he knew why when he thought about it later and that’s why he treated the case for what it was. A homicide.

A check of the family phone records revealed Lora spoke with her ex-husband Bryce Morris twice after Trudy had allegedly gone to bed—once just after 11pm and once shortly before midnight. Bryce’s account of the content of these conversations, for reasons I’m not to clear on, has never been publicized.

There were some strange goings on in the days leading up to and after lora’s strange and sinister disappearance:

• On August 12th, two days after Lora’s disappearance Trudy Snedegar received a phone call from an unknown man who vowed, “I’m going to get you, sucker.”

• The next day, August 13th Trudy received a phone call from a woman sobbing and making “sexual innuendos;” the call was taped—Trudy, Steve, and Bryce Morris all agree the sobbing woman is Lora. This has never been explained.

• there were several Psychics involved in this case however their information failed to impact the investigation
another interesting fact was that a former classmate of Lora and Bryce Morris was a rapist on the run from the FBI at the time named Ricky Dean Akers who would ultimately be eliminated from suspicion in Lora’s murder.

As is common among the loved ones of missing persons the Snedegar clan took polygraphs to eliminate family members from suspicion—but they paid for their own lie detector tests instead of using a police polygrapher which to me seems a bit incongruous because if you pay for your own its like paying for someone to say nice things about you. The person is being paid by you so you can dictate the outcome and that person won’t say no because you won’t pay them otherwise.

Steve Snedegar gave the Hancock County Sheriff’s Department 10K cash to protect his family; according to Sergeant Munden’s Orlando Sentinel interview, “We used a lot of that money to watch Steve.” I will elaborate on this shortly.

A long-haul truck driver was certain he’d given a ride to a hitchhiking Lora Morris, a sighting discounted by her family. What was even more odd about this, was that Sergeant Munden traveled to Lake Charles, Louisiana on the Snedegar family’s dime to convince the trucker to withdraw the sighting (and threatened to charge the trucker with bigamy on an unrelated matter despite a blatant lack of jurisdiction) which to me is really weird and I have no idea why Munden did this. To my knowledge this was never investigated.

Now a few days after Lora who was 22 and the time she vanished from her rural Indiana home. Steven snedger walked into the sheriff's office and dumped $10,000 in cash from a brown grocery bag onto the desk of the astonished chief deputy.

Steve Snedegar knew Lora was dead the instant she disappeared. He told the cops so.He was convinced somebody grabbed his daughter to get back at him. He wanted dozens of people watched 24 hours a day. The Hancock County Sheriff's Office couldn't do it with a force of only 15 deputies. That's when Steve strode in with the money.and told the officer behind the desk to pay reserve officers to do it. Steve was acting so freaky that John Munden, then the chief deputy, just scooped up the cash and claimed that because of Steves behaviour that they used a lot of that 10 grand in cash to watch Steve himself.

Three weeks after Lora's disappearance, people started vanishing that her father suspected had killed her. The first to go was Tony Lambert, one of the pair who had tried to buy Steve's oil business. Steve hatched a scheme three weeks after Lora vanished to invite Lambert to an out-of-town business meeting and "work on him."The idea was for Steve to fly his plane to New Orleans, lure Lambert there on the pretext of making him manager of a new waste-oil business, then twist his arm for the truth about his involvement in Lora's death.

Steve would tell New Orleans authorities that he did, indeed, fly to New Orleans and meet for 30 minutes with Tony Lambert. He said Lambert denied having anything to do with Lora and left mad when he realized why he'd been snookered into coming.

See this is where things get weird though. Steve said he last saw Lambert speed away in a red Cadillac with a young blonde driver. Later, he would say it was a green with a blonde. Then it was a white one.

Much later, Munden would piece together another version from some of Steve's friends and relatives: The story is that Tony Lambert went for an airplane ride over the Gulf of Mexico with Steve and didn't return.

Then on April 15th, 1982 a farmhand tilling a cornfield approximately twelve miles from the Snedegar residence spotted something odd amid the stalks. At first glance he thought it was a deer carcass. however it turned out to be the Badly decomposed body of Lora Morris. She had been shot three times in the head with a .25 caliber revolver; her body— clad in a white tee-shirt and denim cutoff shorts—was found face up with her legs apart and her arms crossed.

Scattered shell casings were present at the scene leading Sergeant John Munden to tell the Greenfield Daily Reporter, “It’s my belief she was killed in the field.”

Although the medical examiner determined Lora had been killed shortly after her disappearance it’s not entirely certain her body was present in the cornfield the entire eight months she was missing. The landowner was adamant her body hadn’t been visible when the field was harvested in late October/early November, and there is also the matter of the sobbing “sexual innuendo” phone call placed—allegedly by Lora—three days after her disappearance.

It’s possible her parents and ex-husband misidentified her voice and the farmer and his thresher somehow managed to miss her body. However I’m not convinced that this is the case.

Things got worse however because Steve still suspected Lambert's partner, Tony McCullough. In having some type of involvement in his daughters death.One day in 1985 McCullough got a telephone call at his Indiana home from a man named Gary Stafford who advertised his services in Soldier of Fortune magazine.

Now solider of fortune was a monthly U.S. magazine published from 1975 to 2016. It is best described as a mercenary type magazine devoted to worldwide reporting of wars, including conventional warfare, low-intensity warfare, counter-insurgency, and counter-terrorism. It was published by Omega Group Ltd., based in Boulder, Colorado.Which became an extremely controversial magazine because many would be hitmen advertised their services in the ads section of this magazine and several high profile murders have been attributed to solider of fortune. Such as the case of the "Gun for Hire" lawsuits.

During the late 1980s, Soldier of Fortune was sued in civil court several times for having published classified advertisements of services by private mercenaries. In 1987, Norman Norwood, of Arkansas, sued SOF magazine, because of injuries he suffered during a murder attempt by two men hired via a "Gun for Hire" advertisement in the magazine. The US District Court denied the magazine's motion for summary judgment based upon the Constitutional right of free speech under the First Amendment. The Court said, "reasonable jurors could find that the advertisement posed a substantial risk of harm" and that "gun for hire" ads were not the type of speech intended for protection under the First Amendment. In the end, Norwood and Soldier of Fortune magazine settled his lawsuit out of court.

In February 1985, John Wayne Hearn, a Vietnam veteran, shot and killed Sandra Black for a $10,000 payment from her husband, Robert Black. Black communicated with Hearn through a classified advertisement published in Soldier of Fortune, wherein Hearn solicited "high-risk assignments. U.S. or overseas". In 1989, Sandra Black's son Gary and her mother Marjorie Eimann filed a wrongful-death lawsuit against SOF magazine and its parent publishing company Omega Group Ltd., seeking $21 million in redress of their grievance.

The jury found Soldier of Fortune grossly negligent in publishing Hearn's classified ad for implicit illegal activity (murder) and awarded the plaintiffs $9.5 million in damages. However, in 1990 the United States Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals reversed the verdict, saying that the standard of conduct imposed upon the magazine was too high, because the advertisement was ambiguously worded.

In 1989, four men were convicted of conspiracy to commit murder in the 1985 contract killing of Richard Braun, of Atlanta, Georgia. The killers were hired through a classified services advertisement published in SOF magazine that read: "GUN FOR HIRE". Braun's sons filed a civil lawsuit against the magazine and a jury found in their favor, awarding them $12.37 million in damages, which the judge later reduced to $4.37 million. Nonetheless, in 1992 the United States 11th Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the judgement of the jury, saying "the publisher could recognize the offer of criminal activity as readily as its readers, obviously, did". The Brauns and SOF magazine settled the wrongful-death lawsuit for $200,000. One consequence of the lost lawsuits was the magazine's suspension of publication of classified advertisements for mercenary work, either in the U.S. or overseas.

Tony said that the guy told him his name was Gary Stafford, and I've been hired to kill you.' McCullough says, 'Are you some nut?' And Stafford says, 'I'm quite serious. How would you like to continue to live?' "McCullough said he'd love to."Stafford then demanded $10,000. In order for him to remain alive. McCullough called the FBI. Stafford did two years in federal prison for extortion.

This is the story Stafford told FBI agents: He was hired by a guy from Florida to get rid of a man he felt was involved in the disappearance and death of his daughter four years earlier. For that, he got $5,000 in front money. He was to get another $20,000 after proving McCullough was dead.

The cops then honed in on Steven snedger and questioned him. He smiled and shrugged but was tight lipped about the whole incident.

The next Snedegar family associate to meet a mysterious end was Charles Darwin Smith.He was described as being in his early 20s at the time of his 1982 disappearance.Chuck Smith had once worked as a truck driver for J&S Oil, the Snedegar family business, but his employment had been terminated for reasons unknown.

Chuck—then employed at a Kocolene Service Station in Greenfield—told Trudy Snedegar he’d had an odd encounter with Lora the day before she vanished.
On the afternoon of August 9th, Chuck said,Lora, a frequent customer, stopped by to purchase gas in the company of a scraggly-haired, heavily-tattooed man—according to Chuck, she appeared terrified.

For reasons that remain unclear, Trudy allegedly suggested Smith keep this information hush-hush however word of the Kocolene encounter eventually leaked to law enforcement, however.

By the time the scraggly-haired stranger story reached the Hancock County Sheriff’s Department Chuck Smith was no longer employed at the Greenfield service station.
According to Sergeant Munden, at this juncture Trudy Snedegar became frantic to obtain Chuck’s unlisted phone number, claiming she had a job opportunity for him.
The second time Trudy stopped by the station to badger Munden for the information the sergeant acquiesced to her demands, sealing Chuck’s fate. Munden then made the now famous quote about how his dumb ass gave the number to trudy.

A few days later Chuck Smith received a phone call from a man who identified himself as John Rogers, owner of the John Rogers Trucking Company in Knoxville, Tennessee. Rogers said he’d received Chuck’s contact information from Steve Snedegar—he was calling to offer Chuck steady employment and a complimentary bus ticket to Tennessee, he claimed.

On March 28th Chuck’s father-in-law dropped him at the bus depot
en route to his new job at a company investigators learned did not exist.
Charles Darwin Smith was never seen again.

When detectives visited the bus station they learned the ticket seller’s name was John Rogers; the purchaser had likely noted the employee’s ID tag, investigators theorized, and repurposed the name for the nonexistent trucking company.

When questioned, Steve Snedegar denied he’d given Chuck Smith’s information to anyone, and apparently law enforcement attempts to tie the Snedegars to Chuck’s disappearance ended there. but detectives have never revealed the physical description of the person who purchased Chuck Smith’s ticket to nowhere, and Tony Lambert and Charles Darwin Smith have never been entered into NamUs,
the federal missing persons database.

There was another person connected with Steven snedger that also disappeared and was never found a guy by the name of James A. Wilkes, Steve’s right-hand man at J&S Oil. Wilkes hasn’t been seen since the mid-1980s, but no missing persons report has ever been filed and he too is absent from NamUs. The only publically-available information regarding James A. Wilkes —aside from the fact that he is missing—is his approximate birth year, 1952, and his last place of residence: Charlottesville, Indiana.

Trudy and Steve had divorced in 1983 but continued to live together in Astor, Florida. Sometime during the summer of 1986—the specific date is uncertain—Trudy told her daughter Brenda, Steve had awoken her the last five consecutive nights by jamming a gun against her head and threatening to pull the trigger. Brenda, visiting her parents in Florida, was apparently unfazed by this information; and so was Trudy, apparently, since after five nights of terror she and Steve hit the town for an evening of country-western dancing.Brenda sat with her as she dressed to go. As they left, Brenda reminded her mother to take her purse. Trudy said Steve had enough money.

Investigators believe the night of boot-scootin’ was Trudy’s last; although the genesis of this information is unclear, investigators would subsequently hear rumors Steve and an associate took a plastic-wrapped body for a one-way boat ride on the Ocklawaha River a few days later. The earthly remains of Trudy Snedegar, age forty-nine at the time of her disappearance, have never been located.

The day after Trudy’s disappearance Steve—after spending the morning sobbing in his office—led his visiting daughter Brenda to his Mercedes parked in his driveway. Later the same day, Steve opened the trunk of his Mercedes and showed Brenda a suitcase containing tall stacks of wrapped, large-denomination bills - $1 million. Steve told his daughter Brenda to retrieve the cash if he is arrested which never happened, and the cash, like Trudy, Tony Lambert, Chuck Smith and John A. Wilkes, is never seen again. No one knows where that money went or who took it. There was a rumour floating around that Steve's live-in girlfriend made off with it but this has never been substantiated.

The investigation into Trudy’s disappearance was stunted from the onset;
when queried regarding his wife’s whereabouts Steve alleges Trudy left him,
and for reasons I cannot fathom none of the couple’s three children—Brenda included—bothered to report their mother missing for nearly a year.

When now-Captain John Munden learns Trudy left behind her purse, however,
he was certain she is sending him a message—no woman voluntarily goes missing without taking her purse, he told Trudy when her daughter Lora vanished.

Both Lake and Indiana authorities knew Trudy was missing. They coaxed Brenda to make a report so they could begin probing her mother's disappearance. Finally - a year after she vanished - Brenda and her then-husband traveled to Indiana to report Trudy missing.

The investigators believe Trudy and her daughter fought over Lora's planned reconciliation with her husband, and Trudy accidentally killed her during the tussle.

Lora's truck was half-packed with her belongings. She was found with three .25-caliber slugs in her head. One very interesting facet was that Trudy had a .25-caliber gun although According to police it was discovered in 1994 that Trudy carried the same type of gun that was used to kill Lora in her purse. Soon after Lora’s disappearance, the gun disappeared. To my knowledge it was never located. So no forensic tests were able to be carried out to determine if that gun was used to kill lora. To me the timing of the gun going missing and the fact that lora was killed with the same calibre as the type trudy used to carry and the whole abusive family dynamic. Leads me to believe that trudy killed lora and covered it up.

It was rumoured that Trudy's father helped her dispose of the body. This is based on the fact that Munden traced a mysterious whirlwind trip by her father to the Howard Hughes Motel near Lora's Greenfield home after a 6 a.m. call from Trudy on the day Lora vanished. Why he took this trip on such short notice has never been explained.

Detectives thought at the time that that Trudy later engineered the disappearance of Chuck Smith, the truck driver who took the never-ending bus ride for a fictitious job. Munden thinks the man Smith saw with Lora before she vanished was threatening Lora.

Had Trudy disposed of Lora's purse, deputies would have written Lora's disappearance off as party-girl-looking-for-a-good-time.

That's why a little jolt went through Munden when he first saw the report about Trudy's disappearance. There it was - Trudy had left her purse.

"I think she deliberately left her pocketbook at home that night as a sign," Munden said. "She knew she made that mistake with Lora, and it alerted police. I think she did it on purpose that night because she knew she and Steve would argue."

But why would they argue? Munden thought that Steve somehow found out for sure on the night Trudy vanished. The use had killed lora and was responsible for everything that took place afterwards.

Now Steven snedger wasn’t the only one to have a watchful eye cast upon him. It seemed the police in this case weren’t immune from scandal and it gets really weird when you look deeper into it.

There was the five-way officer sex tape and the deputy murder-suicide that many residents felt was a (cleverly-staged) deputy murder-murder. Put simply a plague of scandals descended upon the Hancock County Sheriff’s Department and an investigation by the local prosecutor’s office followed.

Captain John Munden, as it happens got caught up in a big scandal himself.

He married the wife of a murder victim whose slaying he himself was investigating.
Now it turned out that his new wife Nieves Lindner Munden got busted selling cocaine at which point he opted to retire from the force. the subsequent investigation found no evidence Captain Munden was aware of or participated in his wife’s criminal activity, for which she served a brief prison sentence.

In 1989 a law enforcement official in the Snedegars’ adopted hometown of Astor, Florida learned Steve was dying of cancer. Lake County Sheriff’s Detective Lynn Wagner—tasked with the investigation into Trudy’s disappearance—arranged to meet with him for coffee.

Steve promised to leave a post-mortem confession tying up the loose ends in the assorted crimes after his death.
Malignant melanoma felled the Snedegar patriarch the following year—no written confession was ever located

but a large bonfire was spotted behind his home in the days after Steve’s death.
Many investigators believe the timing was not coincidental. No one has ever figured out who started the bonfire or why.

However Not every scrap of paper in the Snedegar home was incinerated in the post-funeral fire. while Steve’s children were packing up his belongings they discovered a map in Lora’s funeral guestbook—a large X marked a spot near the family’s Astor home. Certain they’d discovered the gravesite of Trudy Snedegar—or John A. Wilkes, or Tony Lambert, or hell, maybe even Chuck Smith—Lake County officials launched an intensive dig of the Snedegar property.nothing was found at the location.

The last gasp of the Lora Morris murder investigation transpired in August, 1994;
although the explanation for his tardy notification is unknown, William “Buck” Estes, a Snedegar family friend, informed investigators he’d concealed a note in Lora’s coffin at Trudy Snedegar’s behest. Hancock County detectives dug up Lora’s remains but have never revealed the contents of Trudy’s last note to her daughter.

And that is where the story ends. With no real clear answers to what happened to these people and we still have no clear idea who killed lora or why.

Source: https://ididitforjodie.wordpress.com/2017/10/23/hoosier-killer-lora-morris-an-indiana-murder-unsolved/

source: https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1994-03-27-9403260241-story.html

Source: https://www.reddit.com/r/UnresolvedMysteries/comments/i0yepf/after_steve_snedegars_daughter_lora_was_murdered/

Monday, July 18, 2022

The Walsh Street police shootings








The Walsh Street Police Shootings 1988

The Walsh Street police shootings were the 1988 murders of two Victoria Police officers: Constables Steven Tynan, 22, and Damian Eyre, 20.

Tynan and Eyre were responding to a report of an abandoned car when they were gunned down about 4:50am in Walsh Street, South Yarra (a Melbourne suburb), on 12 October 1988.

Four men, Victor Peirce, Trevor Pettingill, Anthony Leigh Farrell and Peter David McEvoy, were charged with murder and later acquitted by a jury in the Supreme Court of Victoria. Two other suspects, Jedd Houghton and Gary Abdallah, were shot and killed by Victoria Police before being brought to trial. Which I will get into later in this podcast.

There have been 27 police officers killed on duty since the Victorian force was established in 1853. This police shooting was the first multiple murder of police since the Kelly gang shot three constables dead at Stringybark Creek in 1878.

Background

Since the 1878 attack on three police officers by the Ned Kelly Gang, criminal attacks on police officers were considered as rare events in Victoria. During the period of the 1980s, prior to the Walsh Street killings, there had been a number of random acts of violence committed against members of the Victoria Police.

The Russell Street bombing on 27 March 1986 and the death of Constable Angela Taylor from her injuries 24 days later, had heighten fears within the Victoria Police that any officer on duty elsewhere could be considered as a target of a criminal attack. Those fears were later justified six months to the day of the Russell Street Bombing.

There was also the Assassination of Colin Winchester who was an assistant commissioner in the Australian Federal Police (AFP). Winchester commanded ACT Police, the community policing component of the AFP responsible for the Australian Capital Territory. In 1989 he was assassinated by an unknown perpetrator. David Eastman who was thought to be the killer had his conviction later overturned. I will touch on this case in a later podcast.

This period of the 1980s saw a high number of armed robberies being committed throughout Melbourne to a point where they had become a problem for police forces across Australia. Rather than committing robberies on impulse, professional armed robbers organised in gangs, began planning their robberies in advance by conducting surveillance on targets known to carry large amount of cash, selecting gang members, assigning roles, organising weaponry and equipment needed, arranging the getaway vehicles, and organising safehouses. The armed robbery gangs not only carried out their robberies with precision, they also carried out their robberies with threats of violence.

Prior events

What really kicked off this whole thing was the June, 1987 killing of Frank Valastro who was shot during a raid on his home by Victoria Police. Senior Constable Michael Lesley was the one who shot him. apparently he was a bank robber with the Flemington crew part time. He had also been raising the violence in the armed bank robberies to a terrifying new level.

After this Victor Peirce and the other members of his gang feared that police were gunning for them one by one with the sole purpose of killing them, which I highly suspect is exactly what they were doing. as they couldn’t get enough evidence to convict and put them away so they took things into their own hands. Reason I say this is because during no other time have the Victoria police armed hold up squad conducted so many raids on criminals and had so many fatal shootings with so many criminals all at once, with the end result being they all end up dead. Starting from 25 January 1987 up until the last killing on the 9 April 1989. During that period the raids and the attempted capture of greame Jensen in a carpark that were conducted led to the deaths of 5 criminals.

It was at the time that Victor peirce and his gang came up with, and formed a pact that if another criminal or member of their gang was killed by police, they would take out two police. A two for one deal. Police became aware of this but no action was taken.

The Flemington Crew

Victor pierce’s gang, dubbed the Flemington Crew by police, had robbed at least four Melbourne banks.

Soundbite of police talking about certain gang members:

At Oak Park, the robbery went wrong from the start when security screens were activated, separating the robbers from the money. Several shotgun blasts failed to open a security door and the robbers fled, leaving three shells.

Armed robbery squad detectives failed to get any leads. They filed details of the robberies in a box marked "The Flemington crew", as raids by other gangs drew their focus.

Four months after the Oak Park incident, a security guard Domonic Hefty at a Coles supermarket in Brunswick was killed in an exchange of fire. The wounded bandit escaped with $33,000.

A source told the armed robbery squad that Victor Peirce was involved and another tip-off hinted at Graeme Jensen. (DNA tests later proved that career criminal Santo Mercuri was the wounded bandit. Another known criminal drove the getaway car. Mercuri was convicted and later died in jail.)

On 11 October 1988, Peirce's best friend, Graeme Jensen, was fatally shot by police in Narre Warren. Jensen had been under observation by the Victoria Police Armed Robbery Squad, who had planned to arrest him in connection with an armed robbery and murder. The Flemington gang he belonged to robbed at least four banks.

Acting on the tip-off, detectives discovered that another armed robbery squad crew was investigating Peirce, Jensen and Houghton. According to an informant, they were planning a big robbery. When the informant said the job had been called off, detectives decided to arrest Peirce and Jensen - to ask Peirce about the Coles job and other raids, and to determine if Jensen might have been the wounded bandit.

The first arrest, by any assessment, went badly wrong. Detectives tried to grab Jensen at a Narre Warren hardware store but by the time they moved he was in his car. Three cars containing eight detectives attempted to block Jensen in as he left the store, but one of the cars was delayed by passing traffic, allowing Jensen to drive through.

Here’s where things get interesting. Police later gave sworn evidence that they saw Jensen brandish a firearm. Police yelled at Jensen to stop, one detective yelled: "He's got a gun." Jensen was then shot dead. His car crashed into a roadside pole.

Police said Jensen had a gun, which according to an article by Tom Noble who later wrote book about the case, turned out to be a non-functioning sawn-off .22 bolt action rifle which for someone like Jensen who was experienced and proficient with using firearms is an odd weapon for him to be found allegedly in possession of.

There are however many who believe that Graeme Jensen never had a gun and that the firearm that he was found with was planted by police.

On the 13 March 2011 the Sunday Night aired an interview with former disgraced police officer Malcolm Rosenes' who was later jailed for drug related offences, who claimed that Graeme Jensen was killed in cold blood and had a sawn-off rifle planted in his car after death.

However these allegations about police planting evidence to justify the shooting of Jensen were never proven or investigated.

Now to give some backstory about the policemen who were killed in Walsh Street South Yarra

Steven Tynan and Damien Eyre

Constable Steven Tyan, 22, joined the police force in September 1985. He graduated from the Police Academy the following January and spent his first year at Cheltenham.

He had been stationed since January at Prahran, where he earned a reputation for hard work.

Sergeant George Cooney, the officer-in-charge at Prahran said Constable Tynan had been particularly affected by his job when he was involved in the shooting of two men who allegedly tried to rob a South Yarra TAB.

Constable Tynan returned to night shift only on Sunday. He was keen to show his younger colleague how crime was fought.

When Probationary Constable Damian Eyre, 20, graduated from the Police Academy on 29 April it was the realisation of a life-long ambition.

He came from a police family: his father, Frank, had been an officer between 1963 and 1977 and is a member of the force reserve at Shepparton. His brother is a detective based at Melton.

His ambition to join the force was partly inspired by the respect his family had earned as police officers. He failed his first admission test to join the force, but doggedly pursued his goal.

His application to join the force said: “As most of my family are in the Victoria Police force, I believe I have a good knowledge of the force…This has been a life-long ambition and I respect the Victoria Police force very much.”

Report of an abandoned car

On 12 October, 13 hours after Jensen's death, at 4:39am, Constables Tynan and Eyre were operating a divisional van from Prahran police station when called to an abandoned Holden Commodore left in Walsh Street, South Yarra. At the time, the call about the abandoned Commodore would've been answered by police units from St Kilda Road police station, however at the time of the murders, St. Kilda Road police station had a shortage of officers on duty and were unable to send a divisional van. Nominally, the call would've been diverted to units from South Melbourne police station. But on the night, the only available South Melbourne police unit, another divisional van, operated by a female constable and a male constable, had been called to a suspected suicide in St. Kilda. As Constables Tynan and Eyre were the first available officers in the area, the call was passed onto their divisional van. While the officers were examining the vehicle, they were ambushed by armed offenders. Constable Tynan was cut down with a shotgun while sitting in the car, and Constable Eyre was seriously wounded. It is thought that Constable Eyre, despite having suffered serious wounds, struggled with the attacker these were several shotguns blasts one went up in the air while another went into the building, until another person approached him from behind, managed to remove Eyre's service revolver from its holster and shot him in the head with it at point blank range then he was shot again in the head.

That gun disappeared and has never been recovered it was believed that one of victor pierce’s gang took it and either hid it or disposed of it in some way.

Upon hearing reports from residents on Walsh Street about shots fired, at 4:53am, the police communications officer attempted to contact Tynan and Eyre. Unable to contact Eyre and Tynan, the police communications officer contacted the South Melbourne district supervising inspector.

Police believed members of a Melbourne armed robbery gang had organised the murders. In the period up to April 1989 there had been an unusually high number of fatal shootings of suspects by police. The killings of the two police officers were viewed by many as a form of payback by members of the Melbourne underworld.

A postmortem showed that both men were shot with a shotgun. Constable Tynan was shot in the head and was found lying next to the Commodore. Constable Eyre was shot in the back and his service revolver was used to shoot him in the head and chest. Both were shot from side-on and at close range.

At the time Police said it was possible that Tynan and eyre had came across thieves trying to steal a car for use in a robbery. The Commodore, belonging to a Walsh Street man, was not far from his house. Several cars near the murder scene had quarter-windows broken overnight in apparent theft attempts.

The police deputy commissioner for crime, Mr John Frame said the original call for police to attend the scene came from a Walsh Street resident. Police spoke to the caller and eliminated the possibility that the killers called police as part of an ambush.

Witnesses told police that two men were seen jumping over a fence outside a nearby block of flats, and that a small grey sedan sped away from nearby Airlie Street towards Punt Road just after the shots were heard. Police did not discounted other information that men were seen running towards Domain Road.

Mr Frame said the only description police had was that one man wore a black jumper with a white stripe. Witnesses told police they heard up to six shots from the street about 4.50 am. Some said they heard four shots, followed by silence, then another two shots apparently farther sway.

Mr Frame rejected suggestions that police were putting officers on to the street when they were too young. Constable Tynan had been in the force for three years and Constable Eyre for less than one. "It certainly wasn't that we had two very inexperienced members because three years' experience in mainly inner-suburban police stations is relatively experienced.”

He said the officers were not wearing flak jackets and, given their injuries, would not have been saved by them. "It was simply a suspect vehicle, a fairly routine call." Mr Frame said he would hate to see the day Victorian police had to attend all calls with their guns drawn. Police are advised to wear firearms when they go out on the streets on duty, but Mr Frame said they had to make their own decisions.

Ty-Eyre task force

The police investigation was known as the Ty-Eyre Task Force, a combination of the two surnames of the officers killed. Detective Inspector John Noonan was the Officer in Charge and it was the biggest investigation Victoria Police had ever undertaken at the time and also the longest running, spanning 895 days. At the height of the investigation, police had hundreds of officers working with the task force to investigate the murders.

Police investigations revealed the shotgun used to perform the murders was the same weapon used earlier in a bungled attempt to blast open a bank door during a robbery at the State Bank in Oak Park seven months earlier. The robbers, on security CCTV at the Oak Park robbery, had left shotgun shells at the scene.

Seven months into the investigation, the shotgun itself was found half-buried in an inner-city golf-course plant bed by a gardener. The shotgun and shells became the single forensic link police had, linking the Oak Park robbery to the same shotgun used in the Walsh Street murders. The shotgun and empty shotgun shell casings are on display at the Victoria Police Museum, Melbourne.

the weeks that followed, police conducted numerous and sometimes brutal raids. More deaths at the hands of Victoria police’s armed hold up squad soon followed. More blood hit the streets.

Victor Peirce was arrested however he was put into jail on other matters related to armed Robbies he was suspected as having some involvement in which wasn’t what those who were working on the Walsh Street task force wanted because to them he couldn’t be gotten at to assist with their enquires.

his Richmond home was literally demolished in the search for clues. Which to me was more symbolic of the police getting their own back on those who they deemed had killed their brothers in arms, rather than them searching for evidence.

Jedd Houghton was shot and killed during a police raid on the Big4 Ascot Holiday Park in Bendigo in November 1988. The police as I understand it had come to this area some time before the raid and it is alleged that they spent time casing the joint finding the best way to raid his home, however other people thought they were there to kill Jedd not arrest him. Tom Noble went on to state that to his knowledge when the police tried to enter his home it was through a different door then they had thought and allegedly Jedd pointed a firearm at them as he explains.

Gary Abdallah, a friend of Houghton, was shot dead by police after the murder taskforce had cleared him. According to police he was a car thief who they believed had been hired by peirce to steal a car for the ambush on Walsh street. Apparently he had pointed an imitation pistol at them and had a bullet lodged in his brain for his troubles. he was in a coma and died shortly after.

I find this whole thing strange and bizarre as to why he was targeted? If he had nothing to do with Walsh street why was he gunned down? The imitation pistol theory really seems fishy to me.

Jason Ryan was scooped up in the police raids and decided to turn on his family and become a snitch. His reason for doing so was because he generally felt remorse about what had happened at walsh street.

As he would later tell a herald sun reporter Quote: ’Cos those two policemen (Tynan and Eyre) had nothing to do with Jensen's death.”

Ryan said he started out as a drug and gun mule for Allen, who was running a million-dollar heroin-trafficking business out of several houses in the blue-collar suburb of Richmond.

With the backing of his notorious family, he graduated to a cocky standover kid and eventual robber.

"I did a lot of bad things," he admitted.

"I was always confident because I had my family there. Dennis virtually said I was his young apprentice ... As I did more crime I got greedier.”

By age 13, he said, he was drinking heavily and injecting speed. It was around this time he witnessed Uncle Dennis murder "friend" Wayne Stanhope after a day of drinking and injecting speed.

Allen was a mad dog at the best of times, but went off tap during binge sessions. "Stanhope wanted to kill Dennis," Ryan stated. "They all wanted his gold.” Allen shot Stanhope in his lounge room in front of a group of friends as Stanhope went to change the record player. "Dennis shot Stanhope six times," Ryan stated.

"I came out of the bedroom. I had a gun with me at the time - it was a .25 auto. Dennis looked at me and grabbed the gun. The music was still pumping and Stanhope's last words were, 'Help me Dennis.’

"The other people sitting on the couch were horrified. Dennis gave Stanhope another seven from my gun. As he was doing it he said, 'That's for your mates.' Dennis grabbed him and dragged him because he was bleeding on the carpet - Dennis was fond of his carpet - and he dumped him on the tiles.

"Dennis finished his drink and grabbed Stanhope's head and smashed it into the tiles. He became like an animal.”

Ryan said he was afraid and refused to help his uncle move the body, as ordered."I'd just watched a movie prior to this called Evil Dead, and in that movie the dead people always come back.”

Stanhope's death went to inquest but Dennis Allen was never charged.

The next murder Ryan witnessed was that of prostitute Helga Wagnegg in November 1984. Ryan suggested she was "put off" because Uncle Dennis believed she was informing to police; something Allen himself was suspected of doing on occasion to stay out of jail.

Wagnegg died of a "hot shot" drug overdose, purportedly administered by Allen, who then drowned her with a bucket of water collected from the Yarra River. "He put her head in the bucket," Ryan said.

"He was just making normal conversation and she was going blue and purple.” Wagnegg's body was later dumped in the Yarra. An inquest into her death ended with an open finding.

It was about a year later when Allen killed former Hells Angel bikie Anton Kenny. According to Ryan, unidentified bikie members contracted Dennis to kill Kenny. "We had a bit of dealing with the bikie gang," Ryan explained.

"Dennis wanted to buy an M-60 (machine gun) off them. That's how far Dennis was going. He was thinking of going to war with the police.

"Kenny's rocked down and was sitting at the table. Underneath the table was a .38 special. Dennis had no T-shirt on to show Kenny he didn't have a gun. Kenny gave Dennis his gun, thinking he was doing the right thing.

"Anyway, Dennis pulled the .38 from under the table and went boom. Emptied it right out.” Kenny's legs were later chopped off and his body sealed in a 44-gallon drum.

In 1987 Allen died of a broken heart; his ticker irreparably damaged by his chronic lifestyle.

The following year - on the afternoon of October 12, 1998 - heavily armed police arrested Ryan and associate Anthony Farrell while on the hunt for Victor Peirce, who became an immediate suspect for the Walsh St murders.

Fearing for his safety from both sides, Ryan said he started talking to the cops about Walsh St and was taken away on a country “trip".

"There wasn't many barbecues, I can tell you that," he said sarcastically of the four-day trip.

Ryan gave several statements."I told them bits and pieces and told them some bullshit because I didn't trust them at first,".

"I was only 17 and confused.”

Ryan came to trust Det-Insp John Noonan, one of the taskforce bosses. He said that after testing Noonan with half-truths and lies he eventually told his version of the truth.

By the time the case went to trial, Ryan found himself bearing the weight of the prosecution case on his young shoulders.

The defence barristers hammered his credibility during cross-examination. Ryan said the pressure and responsibility in the witness box became unbearable.

"I was a kid and the lawyers there were smart people. If I was lying, why wasn't I charged with perjury? And if the magistrate didn't see enough there in the 14 days of the committal hearing, why did he commit them to trial?

"I felt sick every time I went to court. I couldn't explain things at the trial like I did at the committal. The defence lawyers just heard what they wanted to hear then they cut me off.”

Ryan went interstate after the Walsh St four were acquitted. For fear that he would cop several bullets for Turing on his “family”.

Anthony Farrell was arrested by police and according to Tom Noble, the police had hoped that by arresting him, they could apply pressure to him and hopefully he’d crack and give up everyone else. However this plan didn’t work, because Farrell got some very good advice from none other than disgraced lawyer Andrew Fraser, who was later charged and jailed for drug related offences. Specifically cocaine.

Now to give some background on this underworld family

Pettingill family

The Pettingill family is a Melbourne-based criminal family, headed by matriarch Kath Pettingill. Family members have many convictions for criminal offences including drug trafficking, arms dealing and armed robberies.

Two of Kath Pettingill's sons, Victor Peirce and Trevor Pettingill, faced a murder trial for the 1988 Walsh Street police shootings, with both acquitted along with two fellow defendants. Victor Peirce's de facto wife, Wendy, later claimed that her husband planned and carried out the murders with the fellow accused. The family was furthermore involved in the infamous Melbourne gangland killings, where it suffered a major blow, with the death of one of its highest-ranking members, Victor Peirce, and resulting in its power being greatly weakened.

Family members

Kath Pettingill


Kathleen Pettingill (born 27 March, 1935) is the matriarch of the Melbourne criminal family, the Pettingill family.

Pettingill first worked in a bar, and having herself been a prostitute, she went on to run brothels. She lived with her children in the Richmond area of Melbourne, and a number of her sons were sent to the Turana Boys' Home.

Pettingill has a glass eye in place of the one she lost after being shot in 1978 by Kim Nelson and Keryn Thompson. The bullet passed through a closed door at the Collingwood Housing Commission of Victoria flats as she and her son, Dennis Allen, attempted to repay a $300 debt on behalf of her daughter, Vicky Brooks.

Dennis Allen

Dennis Bruce Allen (7 November 1951 – 13 April 1987) was an Australian drug dealer who was reported to have murdered many victims. He was based in Melbourne, and was the oldest son of criminal matriarch Kath Pettingill. Allen, whose solicitor was Andrew Fraser, avoided jail by having info on the corrupt Victorian police at the time. He died of heart disease in 1987 in prison custody awaiting trial for murder.

Criminal career

Allen, nicknamed Mr. Death or Mr. D, was believed to have been involved in up to 13 underworld murders, including the dismembering of Hells Angels biker Anton Kenny with a chainsaw in 1985. One victim who survived was guitarist Chris Stockley of The Dingoes, whom Allen shot in the stomach while attempting to gatecrash a party. Allen received a ten-year prison sentence for rape during the 1970s. It is also reported that he was a major drug dealer in the Richmond and South Yarra areas of Melbourne during the 1980s.

New South Wales Police Detective-Sergeant Roger Rogerson was convicted of supplying heroin in a deal with Allen, but was acquitted following appeal. Allen avoided capture and prosecution for his crimes by having vital information against several corrupt members of the Victorian police.

Death

Allen died on 13 April 1987 of heart failure at St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne; "pieces of his heart actually broke off after decades of heavy drug abuse". His funeral was conducted by Father Peter Norden, a Jesuit priest who performed funerals for three members of the Pettingill family during the 1980s.

Peter Allen

Peter Allen is the second oldest son of Kath Pettingill. He has spent 28 years in prison. He is a violent armed robber and has a long list of assault charges. He ran a heroin empire which allowed him to purchase a mansion in Lower Templestowe. This was later taken from him due to the Proceeds of Crime act. He continued to deal heroin in jail.

He is very skilled in court and is the jailhouse lawyer of the family. He was released from prison in 2002 after serving time for an armed robbery conviction.

Vicki Brooks (nee Pettingill)

First born daughter and third child of Kath Pettingill. Born in 1954. Later turned against the family and gave evidence for the prosecution at the Walsh Street trial. She went into witness protection.

Jason Ryan

Victor Peirce's nephew and son of Vicki Brooks (née Pettingill). Star prosecution witness who turned against the family and gave evidence over Walsh Street. Ryan has battled drug addiction for years.

Victor Peirce

Victor George Peirce was the sixth child of Kath Pettingill. Together with his de facto partner, Wendy Peirce, he fathered four children. He was convicted for drug trafficking and served a six-year prison sentence during the 1990s. He once worked as a bodyguard for murdered businessman Frank Benvenuto.

Victor Peirce was murdered in Bay St, Port Melbourne, whilst parked outside a supermarket on 1 May 2002. It would later be alleged in court by barrister and Queen's Counsel Robert Richter that the now-deceased contract killer Andrew Veniamin had murdered Peirce. Veniamin was shot and killed during an argument in 2004 with Mick Gatto in a Carlton restaurant.

Wendy Peirce

Wendy Peirce was the de facto partner of Victor Peirce. The couple never married but produced four children from their long-term relationship.

She entered witness protection for 18 months, estimated to have cost approximately $2million. At trial, she refused to give evidence against the accused and all men were later acquitted. In October 2005, Wendy Peirce gave a media interview detailing how her husband planned and carried out the Walsh Street police shootings for which he was charged and later acquitted.

In September 2008 Wendy Peirce was jailed for six months after pleading guilty to threatening and stalking former lovers of her ex-partner Victor who was murdered in 2002 during Melbourne's underworld war. The threats included using Facebook to make death threats.

Katie Peirce

On 15 December 2009, Wendy and Victor Peirce's 24-year-old daughter, Katie Peirce, was found dead in her home in Greensborough. At the time of her death, she and her mother were on bail for an incident at the Clare Castle Hotel in Port Melbourne on 28 March 2009, when Mark Lohse, a regular patron at the hotel, was attacked with a meat cleaver and left seriously injured with a deep and long gash across his face, three fractures to his jaw, broken teeth and facial nerve damage. Police allege that Wendy and Katie Peirce and a third woman agreed to pay Tong Yang A$200 to assault Robert Sales, the father of a woman who was dating Katie Peirce's ex-boyfriend. Sales had been sitting one table away from where the assault occurred but was outside having a cigarette at the time of the assault, and in a case of mistaken identity Mark Lohse was hacked across the face with the meat cleaver. Senior County Court judge Geoff Chettle said at the plea hearing the incident was "the worst example of intentionally causing serious injury he has seen." Tong Yang pleaded guilty to charges of intentionally causing serious injury, but Katie and Wendy Peirce both pleaded not guilty to charges that included attempted murder and intentionally causing serious injury. Katie was bailed pending a committal hearing which had only been partly heard at the time of her death. Wendy Peirce's lawyer said he had spoken to her on the phone on 15 December 2009 to inform her of her daughter's death and would apply to the prison for permission allowing her to attend the funeral.

Lex Peirce

Lex Peirce (born 1960) is the seventh child and fifth son of Kath Pettingill and has a minor criminal record.

Jamie Pettingill

Ninth child of Kath Pettingill. Born 1963. Died of a heroin overdose in 1985 aged 21. Was alleged to have been involved in an armed robbery in Clifton Hill.

Trevor Pettingil

Trevor Pettingill is the tenth and last child of Kath Pettingill, born in 1965. He has a history involving drugs and burglaries. He has multiple convictions for firearms and drug-related offences, and has served several jail terms. He has been described as a "career criminal".

Pettingill was charged and acquitted over the Walsh Street police murders.

Trevor's son Jamie Pettingill had two criminal convictions including one for assault.

Members of the gangs responsible for the robberies were believed to be Victor Peirce, Graeme Jensen, Jedd Houghton and Peter David McEvoy.

Timeline of relevant events

25 January 1987 – Mark Militano is shot and killed by Victoria Police

June, 1987 – Frank Valastro is shot and killed by Victoria Police

11 October 1988 – Graeme Jensen is killed

12 October 1988, approx. 4:50am – Walsh Street killings occur

21 October 1988, TyEyre taskforce set up

24 October 1988 – Jason Ryan moved to Mansfield and placed under witness protection

17 November 1988 – Jedd Houghton shot and killed by police in a Bendigo caravan park.

9 April 1989 – Gary Abdallah is shot and killed by Victoria Police after pulling an imitation pistol on detectives.

26 March 1991 – four accused men found not guilty.

1 May 2002 – Victor Peirce shot and killed in Bay Street, Port Melbourne in drive-by shooting linked to Andrew "Benji" Veniamin

October, 2005 – Widow of Victor Peirce, Wendy Peirce gives an interview to John Silvester, detailing her husband's involvement in the crime.

February, 2010 – Peter McEvoy told New South Wales Police, in anger, that he had heard the final words of a dying constable, prompting calls for a coronial inquest into the deaths of the two policemen.

13 March 2011 – Sunday Night airs former police officer Malcolm Rosenes' claim that Graeme Jensen was killed in cold blood and had a sawn-off rifle planted in his car after death.

October, 2011 – The book A Pack of Bloody Animals was published, concluding that two of the defendants, Anthony Farrell and Trevor Pettingill, played no part in the murders of the two policemen.

Trial

The trial of the four men accused, Victor Peirce, Trevor Pettingill, Anthony Leigh Farrell and Peter David McEvoy, began in March 1991. The prosecution alleged six people were involved in the planning of the shootings: the accused, Jason Ryan, and the late Jedd Houghton.

Prosecution

Jason Ryan became a prosecution witness in the trial and was offered immunity in exchange for his testimony. Police placed Ryan under the witness protection program and moved him to Mansfield on 24 October 1988 for questioning. His evidence changed a number of times up to the opening of the trial.

Ryan's evidence had implicated Gary Abdallah, Jedd Houghton, Anthony Leigh Farrell and Emmanuel Alexandris. Police were told the party of killers were Jedd Houghton, Peter David McEvoy, Anthony Leigh Farrell and his uncles Victor Peirce and Trevor Pettingill.

Victor Peirce's wife, Wendy Peirce, also became a prosecution witness and entered the witness protection program. She had previously maintained her husband was with her in a motel all night on the night of the murders; she retracted this alibi in preparation to testify against her husband. But, in a pre-trial hearing, she retracted her retraction and, as a hostile witness, did not appear at the trial.

In a series of video interviews in 1989 that detailed a decade of crime, including several murders by her brother-in-law Dennis Allen, Wendy Peirce examined bank security pictures and identified those in them, saying she recognised her husband, Jensen, Houghton and McEvoy by their clothes, shoes, features (they wore balaclavas or stocking masks) and stance.

She said she had seen her husband and Jensen wearing balaclavas at home as a joke, so she knew what they looked like wearing them. She informed police that her husband told her when he was planning a robbery; she knew when he was conducting surveillance on targets; and she knew when he completed a job because he came home with money.

Victor Peirce's sister, Vicki Brooks, turned against him and joined the witness protection program.

Not guilty verdict

All four men charged with the murders were acquitted in the Supreme Court of Victoria.

Victor Peirce and Peter David McEvoy were taken back into custody on other charges. Upon receiving the verdict, D24 sent a broadcast of the verdict to every police officer in Melbourne, telling them to keep control and resist from carrying out any acts of retaliation against the defendants. However some forms of retaliation were carried out:

Wendy Peirce was charged with perjury, convicted and sentenced to serve 9 months non-parole.

The prosecution believed six people were involved in the ambush (including Jason Ryan and Jedd Houghton). But only two were needed to complete the killings and only two people were seen. Perhaps only two killers were there.

Yet while the shotgun's link to the Flemington crew remains the only certainty in the case, circumstantial evidence and testimony suggest that one of the killers that night was Jedd Houghton, and most likely Victor Peirce was there, too.

The kicker was that During 2005, Wendy Peirce, widow of Victor, gave an interview to the mass media. In this interview, she stated that her late husband had planned and carried out the murders and that he was actually guilty as charged.

Sources: https://www.theage.com.au/national/the-bloody-trail-of-violence-that-led-to-walsh-street-20020503-gdu6du.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walsh_Street_police_shootings

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pettingill_family

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Peirce

https://www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/flashback-1988-the-walsh-street-police-shootings-20181011-p50916.html

https://www.theage.com.au/national/the-bloody-trail-of-violence-that-led-to-walsh-street-20020503-gdu6du.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pettingill_family

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Peirce

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Allen_(criminal)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kath_Pettingill

https://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/law-order/gangland-witness-jason-ryan-tells-why-he-put-his-life-on-the-line-to-dob-in-the-walsh-st-police-killers/news-story/9ab361e9a04fbd9a213d5e90f42238b8

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